مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

شناسایی بازدارنده‌های فردی و سازمانی رشد کسب‌و‌کارهای دیجیتال زنان (مورد مطالعه: زنان کارآفرین شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت کارآفرینی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
2 گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری،دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: محیط دیجیتال عرصۀ نسبتاً جدیدی است. بسیاری از زنان کارآفرین برای کارآفرینی، فضای دیجیتال را به فضای فیزیکی ترجیح می‌دهند. افزون براین، حضور زنان در محیط‌های دیجیتال درحال افزایش است. با وجود کاهش موانع در محیط دیجیتال، زنان در این حوزه نیز با بازدارنده‌های متعددی روبه‌رو هستند. در این راستا، هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی عوامل بازدارنده فردی و سازمانی رشد کسب‌و‌کارهای دیجیتال زنان در شهر تهران بود.
روش‌شناسی: پژوهش حاضر اکتشافی و از نظر هدف، کاربردی و در گردآوری داده‌ها از نوع تحلیل محتوای کیفی بود. در این پژوهش تکنیک نمونه‌گیری هدفمند تا رشیدن به اشباع نظری بود. براساس اشباع نظری، 15 مصاحبه با زنان کارآفرین صورت گرفت و با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته‌ها: طبق یافته‌های پژوهش عوامل بازدارنده رشد کسب‌و‌کارهای دیجیتال زنان در شهر تهران در سطح فردی شامل ویژگی‌های شخصیتی بود که خود در بردارنده عواملی نظیر کمال‌گرایی بیش از حد، صراحت بیش از حد، اعتماد به‌نفس پایین و درون‌گرایی بیش از حد بود. یکی دیگر از عوامل مهم بازدارنده فردی، عامل خانواده بود که خود شامل عدم باور خانواده به فعالیت‌های کارآفرینانه فرد، مخالفت صریح خانواده و رویکرد سنتی به نقش‌های زنان در خانه بود. از دیگر عوامل بازدارنده فردی شناسایی شده اهداف رشد محدود و نبود شبکه‌سازی بود. براساس نتایج پژوهش مشخص شد که عوامل بازدارنده در سطح سازمانی شامل نیروی انسانی، فرهنگ سازمانی جنسیت‌زده، موانع مالی، موانع مرتبط با بازار و ماهیت دیجیتال کسب‌و‌کار بود. عامل بازدارنده اهداف رشد محدود خود شامل مواردی از قبیل اولویت آرامش فردی بر رشد کسب‌وکار و عدم تمرکز بر کسب‌و‌کار بود. همچنین، عامل ماهیت دیجیتال کسب‌و‌کار در سطح سازمانی در بردارنده عواملی مانند عدم آگاهی از اینترنت و فضای دیجیتال در برخی اقشار جامعه، عدم تمایل سرمایه‌گذاران برای سرمایه‌گذاری در کسب‌وکار‌های دیجیتال و عدم دسترسی به برخی از فناوری‌های مدرن بود.
نتیجه‌گیری/ دستاوردها: این پژوهش به شناسایی بازدارنده‌های فردی و سازمانی رشد کسب‌و‌کارهای دیجیتال زنان پرداخته است. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن بود که اگرچه محیط دیجیتال برخی موانع کارآفرینی زنان را کاهش می‌دهد، اما همچنان بازدارنده‌های قابل‌توجهی برای زنان وجود دارد و بازدارنده‌های کارآفرینی زنان از محیط فیزیکی به محیط برخط نیز منکعس می‌شود. لازم است در راستای بهبود شرایط کسب‌وکار‌های دیجیتال زنان اقداماتی صورت گیرد. از جمله این اقدامات می‌توان به وضع قوانین حمایتی بیشتر توسط دولت برای کسب‌وکار‌های دیجیتال و همچنین، ایجاد بستر مناسب در خصوص فرهنگ‌سازی این حوزه از کسب‌و‌کار زنان اشاره کرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Identifying the Individual and Organizational Impediments of Women's Digital Businesses Growth (A Case Study of Female Entrepreneurs in the City of Tehran)

نویسندگان English

Shaghayegh Jalilvand 1
Meisam Modarresi 1
Mohsen Shafienikabadi 2
1 Department of Entrepreneurship Management, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
2 Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: The digital environment is a relatively new field. Many women entrepreneurs prefer the digital space to the physical space for entrepreneurship. In addition, women have an ever-increasing participation in digital environments. Despite the reduction of barriers in the digital environment, women are still struggling with many impediments in this field. In this regard, the present research aimed to identify individual and organizational factors that inhibit the growth of women's digital businesses in Tehran.
Methodology: The research is exploratory and applied in terms of its purpose and qualitative content analysis in terms of data and information collection. The research adopted purposive sampling and kept it until theoretical saturation, which was accomplished after conducting 15 interviews with female entrepreneurs. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.
Findings: According to the findings, the factors preventing the growth of women's digital businesses in Tehran at the individual level encompass personality traits, including excessive perfectionism, excessive openness, low self-confidence, and excessive introversion, among others. Another important inhibiting factor is the family, which includes the family's disbelief in the individual's entrepreneurial activities, the family's explicit opposition, and the traditional approach to women's roles at home. Among the other identified individual inhibiting factors of limited growth goals is the lack of networking. Also, inhibiting factors at the organizational level were found to include human resources, gendered organizational culture, financial barriers, market-related barriers, and the digital nature of the business. The factors that hinder one's own limited growth goals include such parameters as the priority of individual comfort over business growth and the lack of focus on business. In addition, the digital nature of business at the organizational level includes factors such as the lack of awareness of the Internet and the digital space within some classes in society, the unwillingness of investors to invest in digital businesses, and the lack of access to modern technologies.
Conclusion/ Implications: This research identified individual and organizational barriers to the growth of women's digital businesses. The results indicate that although the digital environment reduces some barriers to women's entrepreneurship, there are still significant obstacles for women, and the obstacles to women's entrepreneurship are reflected from the physical environment to the online environment. It is necessary to take measures to improve the conditions of women’s digital businesses, including enacting more protective laws by the government for digital businesses and creating a suitable platform for developing the culture of this field of women's business.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Business Growth
Digital Business
Digital Entrepreneurship
Women's Entrepreneurship
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