Journal of Entrepreneurship Research

Journal of Entrepreneurship Research

Predicting the Development of Digital Entrepreneurship based on Entrepreneurial Leadership: An Assessment of a Conceptual Model in Knowledge-based Firms

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Department of Management, Faculty of Management and Innovation, Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: Digital entrepreneurship in knowledge-based companies serves as the primary driving force for advancing innovative technologies and commercializing knowledge, playing a crucial role in industrial and economic transformation. This form of entrepreneurship not only fosters rapid growth and greater innovation but also leverages advanced technologies to create a sustainable competitive advantage in global markets. By integrating technical knowledge with digital business models, knowledge-based firms can develop innovative products and services. Accordingly, the present study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurial leadership on the development of digital entrepreneurship, considering the mediating roles of opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial self-efficacy.
Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose, employs a descriptive-survey method for data collection, and is field-based in terms of execution. The statistical population consists of employees of knowledge-based companies operating in the information technology sector in Isfahan, totaling 230 individuals. Using a non-random convenience sampling method and based on Morgan’s table, a sample of 140 employees was selected. Given the possibility of non-responses, an electronic questionnaire link was distributed among 160 employees, ultimately resulting in 143 complete responses for analysis. To ensure the reliability and validity of the research instrument, Cronbach’s alpha technique and confirmatory factor analysis were utilized. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 4 software.
Findings: The findings indicate that entrepreneurial leadership has a significant positive impact on digital entrepreneurship development, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and opportunity recognition. Furthermore, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and opportunity recognition significantly influence digital entrepreneurship development. While the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and digital entrepreneurship development was not confirmed, opportunity recognition was found to mediate this relationship. Additionally, the moderating role of the leader’s IT competencies in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and digital entrepreneurship development was confirmed.
Conclusion / Implications: Strengthening the role of knowledge-based companies in the IT sector is crucial in the digital economy era, as digital entrepreneurship development is of significant importance. Knowledge-based firms are vital sources of income generation, employment creation, and economic growth. The concept of digital entrepreneurship in these companies provides a comprehensive understanding of the intersection between entrepreneurship and information and communication technology (ICT) and highlights the impact of ICT on entrepreneurship. Consequently, knowledge-based companies that embrace ICT and digital entrepreneurship can reshape market trends, customer expectations, and competitive strategies, leading to greater value creation in society. The implementation of digital entrepreneurship in IT-based knowledge firms provides a platform for growth, differentiation, and the establishment of competitive advantages. Moreover, expanding digital entrepreneurship in knowledge-based companies contributes to time and cost savings while enhancing employment opportunities in society.
Keywords

Subjects


Refrences
Abdi Jamayran, A., Sehat, A., & Hossein, E. (2017). Reviewing the process and utilizing entrepreneurial opportunities. Karafan Journal, 14 (1), 67-85. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23829796.1396.14.41.4.5 [In Persian]
Abdolhamid, M., Nematollahi, H. & Abdolhosseinzadeh, M. (2022). Achievements and functions of participatory governance approach in higher education system. Iranian Higher Education Journal, 14 (1), 1-23. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.20088000.1401.14.1.1.2 [In Persian]
Aisyah, S., Ilmi, M. U., Rosyid, M. A., Wulandari, E., & Akhmad, F. (2022). Kiai leadership concept in the scope of pesantren organizational culture. tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 3 (1), 40-59. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v3i1.106
Al-dalahmeh, M., Khalaf, R., & Obeidat, B. (2018). The effect of employee engagement on organizational performance via the mediating role of job satisfaction: The case of IT employees in Jordanian banking sector. Modern Applied Science, 12 (6), 17-43. https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n6p17
Arman, M., Nematollahi, H., Tangestani, E., & Mousavi, A,. (2023). The role of digital transformation and entrepreneurial leadership on organizational performance through the mediation of two-way learning (case study: small businesses in Bushehr province). Human Resources Excellence, 4 (1), 87-113. https://journals.iau.ir/article_702700.html [In Persian]
Ausat, A. M. A. (2023). The application of technology in the age of covid-19 and its effects on performance. apollo: Journal of Tourism and Business, 1 (1), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.58905/apollo.v1i1.8
Bagheri, A., Akbari, M., & Artang, A. (2022). How does entrepreneurial leadership affect innovation work behavior? The mediating role of individual and team creativity self-efficacy. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-07-2020-0281
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American psychologist, 37 (2), 122. https://doi/10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
Baron, R. A., & Shane, S. (2007). Entrepreneurship: A process perspective. The psychology of entrepreneurship, 38, 19-39. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMP.2007.19873412
Bulanova, O., Isaksen, E. J., & Kolvereid, L. (2016). Growth aspirations among women entrepreneurs in high growth firms. Baltic Journal of Management, 11 (2), 187-206. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-11-2014-0204
Chang, S. H., Shu, Y., Wang, C. L., Chen, M. Y., & Ho, W. S. (2020). Cyber-entrepreneurship as an innovative orientation: Does positive thinking moderate the relationship between cyber-entrepreneurial self-efficacy and cyber-entrepreneurial intentions in Non-IT students? Computers in Human Behavior, 107 (1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.03.039
De Noble, A. F., Jung, D., & Ehrlich, B. (1999). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: the development of a measure and its relationship to entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 18 (4), 63-77. https://fusionmx.babson.edu/entrep/fer/papers99/I/I_C/IC.html
Didekhani H., Alizadeh, R., & Sharifzadeh, M. (2023). Designing a digital entrepreneurship model in knowledge-based companies with a grounded theory approach. roshd -e- fanavari, 19 (75), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.61186/jstpi.21038.19.75.1 [In Persian]
Fard, M., Kabarazad Ghadim, M. R., & Haghighat monfared, J. (2021). Designing a digital entrepreneurship development model in small and medium-sized knowledge-based companies with emphasis on resistance economy policies. Basij strategic studies, 24 (90), 103-140. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.1735501.1400.24.90.4.4 [In Persian]
Filser, M., Tiberius, V., Kraus, S., Zeitlhofer, T., Kailer, N., & Müller, A. (2020). Opportunity recognition: conversational foundations and pathways ahead. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 13 (1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2020-0124
Fontana, A., & Musa, S. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership on innovation management and its measurement validation. International Journal of Innovation Science, 9 (1), 2–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-05-2016-0004
Galbreath, J. (2003). An overview of the role of information technology in strategic management: Part I. International journal of information technology and management, 2 (4), 291-311. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJITM.2003.004197
Ghaderi, E., Babaei, Y., akbari Arbatan, G., & ferdowsi, S. (2021). Explaining the effect of entrepreneurship self-efficacy and innovation capability on the performance of tourism businesses (Tabriz as a case study). Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 9(35), 112-134. https://doi.org/10.22080/jtpd.2021.17908.3197 [In Persian]
Ghasemi, M., & Namdar Joyami, E. (2022). Identify and categorize the mentality of startup managers to digital entrepreneurship using Q methodology. Public Management Researches, 15 (55), 207-245. https://doi.org/ 10.22111/jmr.2022.40071.5613 [In Persian]
Ghiasvand, F. (2020). Investigating the factors affecting students' entrepreneurial self-Efficacy with emphasis on family norms. Journal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development, 6 (4), 73-86. https://doi.org/10.22069/jead.2021.18835.1456 [In Persian]
Guerrero, M., Mickiewicz, T., & Qin, F. (2024). Entrepreneurial growth aspirations during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of ICT infrastructure quality versus policy response. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 36 (1-2), 55-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2023.2233473
Habibi, R., Asadi Darestani, Z., & Maleki Taleghani, F. (2023). The role of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial behavior: The mediating role of entrepreneurial awareness, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention (Case study: master's students of payam noor university, Rasht center). Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research, 2 (2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.22034/eir.2023.181632 [In Persian]
Hassan, A., Saleem, I., Anwar, I., & Hussain, S. A. (2020). Entrepreneurial intention of Indian university students: the role of opportunity recognition and entrepreneurship education. Education+Training, 62 (7/8), 843-861. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-02-2020-0033
Hassona, F. M., Mohamed, H. M., & Mohamed, A. I. (2023). The influence of entrepreneurial leadership and university support on students' entrepreneurial intentions and opportunity recognition: A mediation model of teacherpreneurship. Zagazig Nursing Journal, 19 (1), 78-91. https://doi.org/10.21608/znj.2023.284719
Hematian Khayyat, M., Zand hessami, H., & Davari, A. (2022). Dimensions and components of technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in Iran's digital creative industries with emphasis on the culture taste of digital technologies. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 15 (1), 181-200. https://doi.org/ 10.22059/jed.2021.319313.653618 [In Persian]
Herlina, E., Tukiran, M., & Anwar, S. (2021). The effect of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational performance: literature review. Journal of Management, Accounting, General Finance and International Economic Issues, 1 (1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.55047/marginal.v1i1.9
Hosseini, R., Azinfar, K., Dadashi, I., & Fallah, R. (2022). The effect of risk management on the relationship between market orientation strategy and entrepreneurial orientation strategy with firm risk. Financial Accounting and Auditing Research, 14 (56), 137-160. https://doi.org/10.30495/faar.2022.698384 [In Persian]
Hwang, Y., Kettinger, W. J., & Yi, M. Y. (2015). Personal information management effectiveness of knowledge workers: conceptual development and empirical validation. European Journal of Information Systems, 24 (6), 588-606. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2014.24
Islam, T., & Asad, M. (2024). Enhancing employees’ creativity through entrepreneurial leadership: can knowledge sharing and creative self-efficacy matter?. Vine Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 54 (1), 59-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-07-2021-0121
Jafarzadeh, M., Hosseinzadeh Shahri, M., & Rah Chamani, A. (2023). Presenting a model for exploiting organizational entrepreneurial opportunities. Development and Transformation Management, 15 (52), 85-93. https://journals.iau.ir/article_702849.html [In Persian]
Jalalian. (2023). Investigating the effect of entrepreneurial leadership in improving the innovative performance of knowledge-based businesses. Journal of Economics and Business, 13 (27). https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/jebr/Article/1046110 [In Persian]
Jalilvand, S., Modarresi, M., & Shafienikabadi, M. (2024). Identifying the individual and organizational impediments of women's digital businesses growth (A cases tudy of female entrepreneurs in the city of Tehran). Journal of Entrepreneurship Research, 3 (2), 65-82. https://doi.org/10.22034/jer.2024.2026034.1096 [In Persian]
loghman estarki, S., Yazdani, H., Hakim, A. (2021). The design of strategy implementation framework based on it capabilities (Case study: an iranian bank). Management Research in Iran, 23 (3), 75-103. https://mri.modares.ac.ir/article_503.html [In Persian]
Malibari, M. A., & Bajaba, S. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership and employees’ innovative behavior: A sequential mediation analysis of innovation climate and employees’ intellectual agility. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7 (4), 100255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100255
Mao, H., Liu, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., & Gong, Y. (2021). Information technology competency and organizational agility: roles of absorptive capacity and information intensity. Information Technology & People, 34 (1), 421-451. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1108/ITP-12-2018-0560
Mehmood, M. S., Jian, Z., Akram, U., Akram, Z., & Tanveer, Y. (2022). Entrepreneurial leadership and team creativity: the roles of team psychological safety and knowledge sharing. Personnel Review, 51 (9), 2404-2425. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-07-2020-0517.
Mehdizadeh Aghdam, S., Yadolahi Farsi, J,. & Imanipour, N. (2021). Identifying the impact of uncertainty criteria in evaluating entrepreneurial opportunities in technology businesses (case study: software industry). Management Futures, 32 (4), 137-147. https://doi.org/10.30495/jmfr.2022.65777.2637 [In Persian]
Megawaty, M., Hendriadi, H., & Salam, K. N. (2022). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership on the performance of small and medium enterprises. Point of View Research Management, 3 (4), 388-397. http://journal.accountingpointofview.id/index.php/POVREMA/article/view/237
Miao, Q., Newman, A., Schwarz, G., & Cooper, B. (2018). How leadership and public service motivation enhance innovative behavior. Public Administration Review, 78 (1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12839
Murtini, M., Safii, A. A., & Anom, L. (2024). Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial networking, entrepreneur leadership, innovation capability, and MSMEs performance. Innovation Business Management and Accounting Journal, 3 (1), 37-47. https://doi.org/10.56070/ibmaj.2024.005
Naktiyok, A., Nur Karabey, C., & Caglar Gulluce, A. (2010). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention: the Turkish case. International entrepreneurship and management journal, 6, 419-435.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-009-0123-6
Nazari, E., Vakil-e-Raaya, Y,. & Faezi Razi, F. (2022). Presenting an entrepreneurial leadership model based on open innovation work behavior: A qualitative study in knowledge-based cooperative companies. Quarterly Journal of Cooperatives and Agriculture, 11 (43), 103-134. https://www.magiran.com/p2535566 [In Persian]
Nikfarjam, S., Naderi, N., & Khosravi, E. (2023). Predicting entrepreneurial self-Efficacy through ambiguity tolerance with the mediation of organizational agility (The case of employees of farhangian university of Fars province). Journal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development, 10 (4), 119-136. https://doi.org/10.22069/jead.2023.21413.1729 [In Persian]
Olan, F., Troise, C., Damij, N., & Newbery, R. (2024). Refocusing digital entrepreneurship: an updated overview of the field, emerging opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30 (2/3), 238-257. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0219
Omrani, M., Karimi, A., ZandHessami, H., & Seyed naghavi, M. A. (2022). Ambidextrous leadership model in knowledge-based startups with meta-synthesis approach. Educational Development of Judishapur, 13 (1), 220-233. https://doi.org/10.22118/edc.2022.351527.2122 [In Persian]
Otarkhani, A., & Khodaei, B. (2024). The impact of enterprise architecture on inter-organizational collaboration. Journal of Industrial Management Perspective, 14 (1), 160-181. doi: 10.48308/jimp.14.1.160 [In Persian]
Palacios-Marqués, D., García, M. G., Sánchez, M. M., & Mari, M. P. A. (2019). Social entrepreneurship and organizational performance: A study of the mediating role of distinctive competencies in marketing. Journal of business research, 101, 426-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.02.004
Preston, D. S., Leidner, D. E., & Chen, D. (2020). CIO leadership profiles: Implications of matching CIO authority and leadership capability on IT impact. In Strategic Information Management, 277-291. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429286797-13
Rabl, T., Petzsche, V., Baum, M., & Franzke, S. (2023). Can support by digital technologies stimulate intrapreneurial behaviour? The moderating role of management support for innovation and intrapreneurial selfefficacy. Information Systems Journal, 33 (3), 567-597. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12413
Rezaei, B., Khodadousti, M., & Khodadousti, F. (2023). Presenting a model for identifying entrepreneurial opportunities among rural women entrepreneurs in Kermanshah province. Space economy & rural development journal, 12 (45), 1-16. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23222131.1402.0.50.2.8 [In Persian]
Sarvari, R., Sadeghi, H., & Yadollahi Farsi, J. (2024). The influence of entrepreneurial leadership on employees’ innovative behavior: The role of innovation climate and ethical climate. Journal of Entrepreneurship Research, 2 (4), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.22034/jer.2024.2016857.1066 [In Persian]
Schiuma, G., Schettini, E., Santarsiero, F., & Carlucci, D. (2022). The transformative leadership compass: six competencies for digital transformation entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 28 (5), 1273-1291. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2021-0087
Steininger, D. M. (2019). Linking information systems and entrepreneurship: a review and agenda for IT associated and digital entrepreneurship research. Information Systems Journal, 29, 363–407. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12206
Sutrisno, S., Ausat, A. M. A., Permana, B., & Harahap, M. A. K. (2023). Do information technology and human resources create business performance: A review. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8 (8), 14.  https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i8.2206
Taleb, T. S., Hashim, N., & Zakaria, N. (2023). Entrepreneurial leadership and entrepreneurial success: The mediating role of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and innovation capability. Sustainability, 15 (7), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075776
Tang, H., Yao, Q., Boadu, F., & Xie, Y. (2023). Distributed innovation, digital entrepreneurial opportunity, IT-enabled capabilities, and enterprises' digital innovation performance: a moderated mediating model. European Journal of Innovation Management, 26 (4), 1106-1128. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-08-2021-0431
Tavazoeifar, A., Sheihakitash, M., & Keshavarz, S. (2019). Identification of effective propellants on digital entrepreneurship in small and medium businesses with meta-synthesis approach. Science and Technology Policy Letters, 9 (3), 61-72. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.24767220.1398.09.3.5.3 [In Persian]
Tippins, M. J., & Sohi, R. S. (2003). IT competency and firm performance: is organizational learning a missing link?. Strategic management journal, 24 (8), 745-761. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.337
Wolff, J. (2021). How is technology changing the world, and how should the world change technology?. Global Perspectives, 2 (1). https://doi.org/10.1525/gp.2021.27353
Yang, J., & Bentein, K. (2023). Entrepreneurial leadership and employee creativity: a multilevel mediation model of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Management Decision, 61 (9), 2645-2669. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-04-2022-0449.
Zarei Matin, H., Jandaghi, G., & Toure, N. (2006). Identifying the factors of organizational citizenship behavior and examining its relationship with organizational performance. Management Culture, 4 (12), 31-63. https://jomc.ut.ac.ir/article_18307.html [In Persian]

  • Receive Date 25 November 2024
  • Revise Date 28 May 2025
  • Accept Date 28 May 2025