Introduction: The agricultural sector of Iraq, as one of the axes of economic development of this country, can create many job opportunities to increase the added value and productivity level of the activities of this sector. Babylon province is one of the fertile agricultural provinces of Iraq and has potential capacities in various fields of agriculture, horticulture, livestock and poultry, food industries, etc. Understanding the challenges and obstacles of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector and drawing and presenting a model of agricultural entrepreneurship development can be useful in the planning of policymakers and activists of the agricultural sector of this province. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for the development of agricultural entrepreneurship in Iraq.

Methodology: The research was conducted with a qualitative approach and using the grounded theory method. The participants in the qualitative section were 43 faculty members of the departments of agriculture, economics and entrepreneurship, managers and experts of the Agricultural Department of Babylon province, and a number of entrepreneurial farmers. Purposeful sampling was used using the snowball method until theoretical saturation was reached. The data collection tool was face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. Open coding, axial coding, and selective coding techniques were used to analyze the data. In order to examine the validity and reliability of the results, member check, researchers' self-review and intercoder agreement methods were used.

Findings: The research findings suggest that economic factors, social factors, networking, and individual (psychological) factors act as causal factors; educational opportunities, economic and market conditions, geographical and natural factors, and infrastructural factors as contextual conditions; and political factors, cultural environment, and legal and regulatory factors as intervening conditions affecting entrepreneurship development in Iraq. The results indicate that strategies such as education and extension of entrepreneurial culture, marketing and sales training, financial support, and government policies and regulations are effective in developing entrepreneurship in Iraq's agricultural sector, leading to implications such as sustainable agricultural development and preservation of natural resources, poverty reduction and improved living standards, job creation, fostering of entrepreneurial spirit, development of human resources, and effective use of available resources.

Conclusion: The entrepreneurial development paradigm in Iraq's agricultural sector offers a comprehensive view of the factors, conditions, and outcomes associated with the growth of entrepreneurship in the sector. The model demonstrates that entrepreneurial development is a complex process influenced by multiple factors, including economic, social, network, and individual factors. To facilitate entrepreneurial development in Iraq's agricultural sector, it is essential to focus on creating enabling conditions (such as training, financial support, and supportive policies), overcoming barriers (such as legal and cultural challenges), and implementing educational, legal, and supportive strategies. The successful implementation of this model requires close collaboration among the government, private sector, and educational institutions and can play a vital role in the flourishing of Iraq's agricultural sector and improving the livelihoods of the rural population.