مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

بررسی تأثیر شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان بر کارآفرینی، خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه و نوآوری

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
2 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: در دهه‌های اخیر، رشد و توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان به‌ویژه در حوزه‌های ورزشی، اثرات قابل‌توجهی بر کارآفرینی ورزشی و افزایش خودکارآمدی کارآفرینان ورزشی داشته است. این شرکت‌ها با استفاده از نوآوری‌های علمی و فناوری، قادر به ایجاد محصولات و خدمات جدیدی هستند. افزون براین، این شرکت‌ها می‌توانند با ایجاد محصولات و خدمات نوآورانه، بازاری جدید برای خود ایجاد کرده و با استفاده از استراتژی‌های متنوع تبلیغاتی و بازاریابی، به گسترش فروش و درآمد خود دست یابند. براین اساس، هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان بر کارآفرینی، خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه و نوآوری بود.  
روش‌شناسی: پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی بود که به‌صورت پیمایشی انجام شد. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی در گرایش‌های مختلف تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه‌های استان اردبیل، آذربایجان شرقی و آذربایجان غربی در سال تحصیلی 1403-1402 به تعداد 524 نفر بودند. حجم نمونۀ آماری براساس فرمول کوهن، برابر با 247 به ‌دست آمد. ابزار اندازه‌گیری پژوهش، پرسش‌نامه‌ای استاندارد بودند. برای تأیید روایی از سه نوع روایی­همگرا، روایی­واگرا و روایی­محتوایی استفاده شد. جهت تعیین پایایی بخش‌های مختلف پرسش‌نامه‌، از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. باتوجه ‌به پرسش‌نامه‌های ناقص، درنهایت، تعداد 224 پرسش‌نامه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آمار توصیفی (فراوانی، میانگین، انحراف معیار) و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای  SPSS نسخۀ 21 و  AMOS نسخه 22 استفاده شد.  
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ورزشی بر کارآفرینی ورزشی 20 درصد و بر خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه 52 درصد تأثیر مثبت و معنادار داشتند. شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ورزشی بر نوآوری در بازار‌های جهانی 35 درصد، کارآفرینی ورزشی بر نوآوری در بازارهای جهانی 24 درصد و خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه بر نوآوری در بازارهای جهانی 34 درصد تأثیر مثبت و معنادار داشت که این موضوع نشان‌دهنده اهمیت استفاده از ابزارهای کارآفرینی و خودکارآمدی در شرکت‌های ورزشی دانش‌بنیان بود.   
نتیجه‌گیری/ دستاوردها: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان ورزشی با ارائه فناوری‌های نوین و محصولات باکیفیت، به رشد کارآفرینی ورزشی و ارتقای خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه کمک می‌کنند. آن‌ها با ایجاد تکنولوژی‌های پیشرفته و خدمات نوآورانه، بازارهای جهانی را بهبود می‌بخشند و تأثیر قابل‌توجهی در جذب مشتریان و رقابت با برندهای بزرگ دارند. به این‌ترتیب، نقش میانجی این شرکت‌ها در ترویج کارآفرینی و افزایش رقابت‌پذیری در صنعت ورزش، بسیار ارزشمند و حیاتی است. 
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the Effect of Knowledge-based Companies on Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Innovation

نویسندگان English

Alireza Esfandiari 1
Akbar Mahdavi 1
Mehrdad Moharramzadeh 1
Amir Hossein Hormati 2
1 Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: In recent decades, the growth and development of knowledge-based companies, especially in sports fields, have had significant effects on sports entrepreneurship and the enhancement of the self-efficacy of sports entrepreneurs. These companies can create new products and services using scientific and technological innovations. In addition, they can establish a new market for themselves by developing innovative products and services and applying various advertising and marketing strategies, thereby enhancing their sales and income. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of knowledge-based companies on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial self-efficacy with the mediating role of innovation.
Methodology: The research adopted a descriptive-analytical method and was applied in terms of purpose. It was conducted as a survey. The statistical population included 524 post-graduate students from various physical education and sports disciplines in the universities of Ardabil, East Azerbaijan, and West Azerbaijan in the academic year 2014–2015. The sample size was 247, based on Cohen's formula. The measurement tools were standard questionnaires. Validity was verified through convergent, divergent, and content validity. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. Due to incomplete responses, 224 questionnaires were finally analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and structural equation modeling in SPSS21 and AMOS23 software.
Findings: The findings revealed that sports knowledge-based companies had a 20% positive effect on sports entrepreneurship and a 52% positive effect on self-efficacy. They also had a 35% positive effect on innovation in global markets. Additionally, sports entrepreneurship had a 24% positive effect on innovation in global markets, while entrepreneurial self-efficacy had a 34% positive effect on innovation in global markets. These results underscore the importance of utilizing entrepreneurial tools and self-efficacy in knowledge-based sports companies.
Conclusion/ Implications: By providing new technologies and quality products, sports knowledge-based companies contribute to the growth of sports entrepreneurship and promote entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Through advanced technologies and innovative services, they enhance global markets and significantly impact customer attraction and competition with major brands. Thus, the mediating role of these companies in fostering entrepreneurship and increasing competitiveness in the sports industry is both valuable and vital.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Knowledge-based Companies
Sports Entrepreneurship
Self-efficacy
Innovation
Global Markets
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  • تاریخ دریافت 08 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 14 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 14 آبان 1403