مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

تدوین الگوی خط‌مشی‌گذاری توسعۀ کارآفرینی در کمیتة امداد امام خمینی(ره) استان سیستان و بلوچستان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: توسعة کارآفرینی یکی از نیازهای جدی کشور و فرآیندی حیاتی در رشد و توسعة اقتصادی است. کمیتة امداد امام خمینی(ره) به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین نهاد حمایتی، نقش مؤثری درجهت مقابله با ابعاد گوناگون فقر در جامعه ازطریق ایجاد اشتغال دارد. درحال حاضر که اقتصاد کشور گرفتار نارسایی‌ها، کمبودها و سوء مدیریت‌هایی است که منجر به وضعیت ناهنجار بیکاری، کمبود تولید ناخالص داخلی، کاهش قدرت سرمایه‌گذاری دولت، ضعف در صادرات غیرنفتی و مشکلاتی از این ‌قبیل شده است، رشد کارآفرینی و فرهنگ کارآفرینانه می‌تواند موجب بهبود شرایط کنونی اقتصاد کشور شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر طراحی الگوی خط‌مشی‌گذاری توسعة کارآفرینی در کمیتة امداد امام خمینی(ره) در استان سیستان و بلوچستان بود.
روش‌شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از نظر پارادایم کیفی و به روش تحلیل‌مضمون انجام شد. در این پژوهش، با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و مصاحبه، عوامل تشکیل‌دهندة الگوی خط‌مشی‌گذاری توسعة کارآفرینی شناسایی شدند. جامعة موردمطالعة پژوهش پانزده نفر از خبرگان درحوزۀ کارآفرینی شامل مدیران و مسئولین باتجربه و باسابقه در کمیتة امداد امام خمینی(ره) استان سیستان و بلوچستان و استادان حوزۀ کارآفرینی در دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان بودند که به کمک روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند (گلوله برفی) انتخاب شدند. با استفاده از روش تحلیل‌مضمون، چهار متغیر اصلی، نوزده مؤلفه و 132 شاخص شناسایی شدند و عوامل شناسایی شده با استفاده از رویکرد دلفی به تأیید خبرگان رسید.
یافته‌ها: چهار متغیر اصلی شامل (متغیر بنیادین- ساختاری، متغیر زمینه‌ای- موقعیتی، متغیر میانجی- واسطه‌ای و متغیر پیامدها) بودند. متغیر بنیادین- ساختاری شامل مؤلفه‌های (شناسایی و تعیین نیاز مددجویان، شرایط سیاسی- قانونی، شرایط فرهنگی- اجتماعی، ابزارهای اطلاع‌رسانی و آگاهی‌بخشی)، متغیر زمینه‌ای- موقعیتی شامل مؤلفه‌های (ساختار نهادی و تأثیر نهادهای خط‌مشی‌گذار، فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، ابزارهای آموزشی و توانمندسازی، ابزارهای دانش و اشاعة دانش، ارزیابی پیش‌بینانه، ارزیابی واکنش به‌موقع، ارزیابی بازدارنده)، متغیر میانجی- واسطه‌ای شامل مؤلفه‌های (نحوۀ هماهنگی نهادها، ابزارهای اقتصادی و مالی، ابزارهای تشویقی و انگیزشی، ابزارهای نظارتی، رویه‌های پیاده‌سازی) و متغیر پیامدها شامل مؤلفه‌های (پیامدهای اقتصادی، پیامدهای فرهنگی، پیامدهای اجتماعی) بودند.  
نتیجه‌گیری/ دستاوردها: کمیتۀ امداد امام خمینی(ره) مهم‌ترین سازمان حمایتی درحوزۀ اشتغال و خودکفایی در کشور است. مدیران اجرایی کمیتۀ امداد می‌توانند با استفاده از عوامل تشکیل‌دهندة الگوی خط‌مشی توسعة کارآفرینی که در پژوهش حاضر شناسایی شده‌اند، خط‌مشی توسعة کارآفرینی را در کمیتة امداد تدوین کنند و خط‌مشی‌های روشن و عملی جهت رسیدن به اهداف اشتغال‌زایی و کارآفرینی داشته باشند؛ لذا پیشنهاد می‌شود کمیتة امداد امام خمینی(ره) جهت پاسخ‌گویی بهتر به مسائل، از الگوی خط‌مشی‌گذاری طراحی شده در پژوهش حاضر بهره‌برداری کند. بستر مناسبی جهت افزایش حمایتگری‌های اجتماعی فراهم سازد و شرایط اقتصادی و اجتماعی مددجویان را از طریق فعالیت‌های کارآفرینانه ارتقا بخشد.   
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Formulating an Entrepreneurship Development Policymaking Model in the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation of Sistan and Baluchestan Province

نویسندگان English

Abdolmajid Imani
Soniya Sedaghati Mokhtari
Zahra Mohammadi
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: Entrepreneurship development is an essential requirement for Iran and a crucial element in driving its economic growth and development. The Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, as a prominent support institution, plays a significant role in addressing various aspects of poverty by fostering employment opportunities. In the current state of Iran's economy—characterized by deficiencies, scarcities, and mismanagement that have resulted in high unemployment, diminished gross domestic product, reduced government investment capabilities, and weakened non-oil exports—fostering entrepreneurship and cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset can positively impact the economic conditions. This research aims to formulate a policymaking model for entrepreneurship development in the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in Sistan and Baluchestan Province.
Methodology: The study used a qualitative method and employs thematic analysis as the research strategy. Library studies and interviews were conducted to identify the factors forming the entrepreneurship development policymaking model. The statistical population includes 15 experts in the field of entrepreneurship, including managers and senior officials in the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, as well as entrepreneurship professors at the University of Sistan and Baluchestan, selected using the purposive snowball sampling technique. Through thematic analysis, the study identified four main variables, 19 components, and 132 indicators. Experts validated these factors using the Delphi approach, leading to the design of the research's conceptual model.
Findings: The four primary variables identified were: the fundamental-structural variable, the contextual-situational variable, the mediating variable, and the consequences variable. The fundamental-structural variable comprised identifying and determining clients' needs, political-legal conditions, cultural-social conditions, and information and awareness tools. The contextual-situational variable included institutional structure, the influence of policymaking institutions, information and communication technology, educational tools and empowerment, knowledge and knowledge dissemination tools, predictive evaluation, timely response evaluation, and deterrence evaluation. The mediating variable encompassed coordinating institutions, economic and financial tools, incentive and motivational tools, monitoring tools, and implementation procedures. The outcome variable encompassed economic, cultural, and social consequences.
Conclusion/ Implications: The Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation is the most influential organization supporting employment and self-sufficiency in Iran. The executive managers of this foundation can formulate a policy for entrepreneurship development with specific and practical guidelines to achieve the objectives of job creation and entrepreneurship. By utilizing the factors outlined in the entrepreneurial development policy model from this research, the foundation can enhance its response to these challenges, provide a suitable platform for increasing social support, and improve clients' economic and social conditions through entrepreneurial activities. 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Entrepreneurship policy
Economic Development
Thematic analysis
 
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