مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

مجله پژوهش‌های کارآفرینی

واکاوی ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های انتقال فناوری در بستر صنعت پنج: رویکرد کارآفرینی فناورانه

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه مدیریت صنعتی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.
3 گروه مدیریت، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه: امروزه، جهان در آستانه انقلاب صنعتی پنج قرار دارد. این پارادایم جدید، بر پایۀ ترکیب فناوری‌های پیشرفته مانند هوش مصنوعی، اینترنت اشیا، رباتیک، واقعیت مجازی و افزوده و فناوری‌های زیستی استوار است. با تکامل سریع پارادایم صنعت چهار و ظهور چشم‌انداز صنعت پنج، نیاز مبرمی به بررسی و تجزیه‌و‌تحلیل عوامل تسهیل‌کننده یا بازدارنده فرآیندهای انتقال فناوری مؤثر وجود دارد. انتقال فناوری به‌معنای انتقال منظم دانش، از افراد یا سازمان‌هایی که آن را ایجاد کرده‌اند به دیگران است تا از آن برای تولید محصولات یا ارائه خدمات جدید استفاده کنند. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف واکاوی ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های کلیدی مؤثر بر انتقال فناوری در بستر صنعت پنج، با تمرکز بر رویکرد کارآفرینی فناورانه صورت گرفته است. این امر از آن جهت اهمیت دارد که کارآفرینی فناورانه نقش محوری در پیشبرد نوآوری و تبدیل دستاوردهای علمی به محصولات و خدمات تجاری‌سازی‌شده دارد.
روش‌شناسی: در این مطالعه، از رویکرد کیفی فراترکیب سندلوسکی و بارسو استفاده شده است. فرآیند با بررسی نظام‌مند 457 مقاله اولیه آغاز و درنهایت، 28 مقاله مرتبط با هدف پژوهش انتخاب گردیده است. معیارهای ورود شامل مقالات منتشر شده در حوزه کارآفرینی فناورانه و صنعت پنج در فاصله زمانی سال‌های 2017 تا 2024 بوده است. برای ارزیابی پایایی یافته‌ها از ضریب کاپا (72/0) استفاده شده است که نشان از پایایی قابل قبول دارد. برای اعتبارسنجی الگوی پیشنهادی و افزایش مقبولیت، از روش‌های بازنگری توسط خبرگان این حوزه بهره گرفته شده است. همچنین، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از سوی خبرگان تأیید و بازبینی شده است.
یافته‌ها: براساس یافته‌های حاصل از فراترکیب، 55 مؤلفه در قالب پنج بُعد اصلی به‌عنوان عوامل تأثیرگذار بر انتقال فناوری در چارچوب صنعت پنج با رویکرد کارآفرینی فناورانه شناسایی شده است. این ابعاد عبارتند از: 1) اکوسیستم‌های نوآوری فناورانه، شامل: زیرساخت‌های فناوری، سرمایه انسانی متخصص و جریان آزاد دانش؛ 2) مدل‌های کسب‌وکار چابک و انعطاف‌پذیر متناسب با تحولات سریع فناوری؛ 3) شراکت‌های همکارانه میان بازیگران مختلف اکوسیستم نوآوری؛ 4) دیجیتالی‌سازی فرآیندها و تصمیم‌گیری مبتنی بر داده‌ها؛ و 5) چارچوب‌های قانونی، سیاست‌گذاری و حمایتی مناسب.
نتیجه‌گیری/ دستاوردها: یافته‌های این پژوهش، اهمیت به‌کارگیری استراتژی‌ها و رویکردهای کارآفرینانه را در جهت تسهیل و شکل‌دهی فرآیندهای انتقال فناوری در چشم‌انداز صنعت پنج برجسته کرد. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که موفقیت در انتقال فناوری در این عرصه، مستلزم توجه همه‌جانبه به عوامل زیرساختی، تجاری، قانونی، و تعاملی در قالب یک اکوسیستم یکپارچه نوآوری است. این پژوهش با شناسایی و روشن کردن عوامل کلیدی که در ابتکارات انتقال فناوری موفق در حوزه صنعت پنج نقش دارند، بینش‌ها و راهنمایی‌های عملی را برای سیاست‌گذاران، کارآفرینان فناور و سایر بازیگران درگیر در این فرآیندها فراهم می‌کند. این یافته‌ها می‌تواند به تقویت فرآیندهای انتقال فناوری و هدایت جهت‌گیری‌های نوآورانه در عصر پیش‌رو صنعت پنج کمک شایانی کند. 
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Dimensions and Components of Technology Transfer in the Context of Industry 5.0: A Technological Entrepreneurship Approach

نویسندگان English

Arezoo Zamany 1
Abbas Khamseh 2
Sayedjavad Iranbanfard 3
1 Department of Technology Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of industrial management, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
3 Department of Management, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده English

Introduction: Today, the world is on the verge of a new industrial revolution called Industry 5.0. This new paradigm is based on a combination of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, robotics, virtual and augmented reality, and biotechnologies. With the rapid evolution of the Industry 4.0 paradigm and the emergence of the Industry 5.0 vision, there is an urgent need to examine and analyze the factors that facilitate or hinder effective technology transfer processes. Technology transfer refers to the deliberate transfer of knowledge from individuals or organizations that have created it to others so that it can be used to produce new products or deliver services. The present research aims to explore the key dimensions and components affecting technology transfer in the context of Industry 5.0, with a focus on the technological entrepreneurship approach, which is important because technological entrepreneurship plays a pivotal role in driving innovation and transforming scientific achievements into commercialized products and services.
Methodology: The study adopted Sandelowski and Barroso’s qualitative meta-synthesis approach. The process began with a systematic review of 457 initial articles, and ultimately, 28 articles relevant to the research objective were selected. The inclusion criterion was publication in the fields of technological entrepreneurship and Industry 5.0 between 2017 and 2024. The reliability of the findings was assessed by the kappa coefficient (0.72), which indicated acceptable reliability. To validate the proposed model and increase its acceptability, the method of review by experts was utilized. Additionally, the results obtained were validated and reviewed by experts to ensure their confirmability.
Findings: Based on the findings of the meta-synthesis, 55 components were identified within five main dimensions as factors influencing technology transfer within the framework of Industry 5.0 with a technological entrepreneurship approach. They include (1) technological innovation ecosystems, including technological infrastructure, skilled human capital, and free flow of knowledge, (2) agile and flexible business models aligned with rapid technological changes, (3) collaborative partnerships among various actors in the innovation ecosystem, (4) digitalization of processes and data-driven decision-making, and (5) appropriate legal, policy, and supportive frameworks.
Conclusion/ Implications: The results highlight the importance of employing entrepreneurial strategies and approaches in facilitating and shaping technology transfer processes in the Industry 5.0 vision. The results indicate that success in technology transfer in this domain requires holistic attention to infrastructural, commercial, legal, and interactive factors within an integrated innovation ecosystem. By identifying and clarifying the key factors that play a role in successful technology transfer initiatives in the Industry 5.0 domain, this research provides insights and practical guidance for policymakers, technological entrepreneurs, and other stakeholders involved in these processes. These findings can contribute to strengthening technology transfer processes and guiding innovative orientations in the upcoming era of Industry 5.0.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Technology
Technology Transfer
Entrepreneurship
Technological Entrepreneurship
Industry 5.0
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